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Publication No: IN202311006417 [India] Application No: 202311006417
Title: A solar photovoltaic-based dual bus DC microgrid with multilayer control for power sharing
Publication Date: 02-08-2024 File Date: 31-01-2023
Inventor(s): Abhishek Anand; Verma Brijendra Kumar; Ram Subhash Kumar; Padmavathi Lakshmanan
IPC Classification: G06F 1/26
Abstract:
The high initial cost of the rooftop solar system, sizing the battery or PV panel to meet the peak energy demand, and the unmet need for power during  peak hours are few of the major challenges in rural electrification. To overcome these issues, a solar photovoltaic-based dual bus DC microgrid architecture is designed  and developed for on-demand power-sharing among houses. In the designed DC microgrid, each house is equipped with solar photovoltaic panels, an energy storage  system, an energy storage charging system, and a lower DC bus inside the house for powering local loads. In addition to this, each house has a bidirectional DC-DC  converter interconnected between a lower voltage DC bus and a higher voltage DC bus, which can feed surplus power from a lower voltage DC bus to a higher voltage  DC bus or draw required power from a higher voltage DC bus and feed to lower voltage DC bus to meet the peak energy demand of the house. The measured efficiency  of the developed energy storage charging system is around 95%. The primary issues with power-sharing in the dual bus DC microgrid are the voltage regulation on  common DC bus voltage and proper power-sharing of power among houses. Therefore, a multilayer control system comprising of consensus algorithm at the top layer  and adaptive droop on the primary layer is developed, which provides a voltage deviation of ~1.04% on the common DC bus at full load and a settling time of less than  200 ms in output currents of converters under dynamic load conditions. The designed renewable energy-based dual bus DC microgrid architecture provides the  capability of power-sharing among houses in case of power shortage at any house, and to ensure proper power-sharing, a multilayer control scheme has been  conceptualized, developed, and tested in near field conditions. The invention has the potential to deliver a reliable and round-the-clock supply of electricity, even in the  remotest part. FIG.:-1
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The major advantages of the present invention are: 
1. The on-demand power-sharing capability of the presented invention reduces the sizing of photovoltaic panels and energy storage system sizing to meet the peak power demand of any house in a renewable energy-based DC microgrid.
2. The multilayer control scheme provides equal sharing of power among houses during on-demand power sharing and limits the flow of circulating current. 
3. It provides independent operation capability of individual houses in times of failure or maintenance of the common DC bus. 
4. The dual-bus architecture of the DC microgrid supports distributed generation, distributed storage, plug-and-play capability, and scalability. 
5. It is devoid of a single point of failure issue, which is prevalent in centralized DC microgrid systems.
6. The on-demand power-sharing over high voltage DC bus reduces the DC cable size requirement and increases the safety of users.

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Industrial Applications Electrical Transmission [Electrical] Energy Storage [Energy] Instrumentation, Appliances, Devices Applications [Instrumentation, Appliances, Devices]