Granular Adsorption Media for Fluoride Removal from Groundwater

Adsorption media for treatment of fluoride containing ground water. The developed adsorbent will be beneficial for treatment of fluoride containing groundwater and thereby it would help in mitigating the drinking water problems in the developing nations.

Rs. 450-500/kg (Tentative cost and will come down on bulk preparation at larger scale)

Per liter water costs: Rs. 0.25-0.35

1kg of bead can treat 1500 to 1600L

 pH 6.8-7.6;

Fluoride 3mg/L

TDS: 400-600 mg/L

Total Hardness: 80-120 mg/L

The prepared granules are stable in the aqueous environment and can be used directly in the filter cartridges for fluoride removal from potable water.

• Fluoride removal by adsorption technique,
• Fluoride removal capacity is 2-3 times higher than the commercial/indigenous activated alumina granules at pH 6.8-7.8 with real ground water containing 3ppm fluoride.
• A distinct advantage of the beads for fluoride removal from water is that they are hydraulically conductive and easily separable, no requirement of external energy/force/devices for the solid-liquid separation.
• Another advantage is that unwanted sludge formation can be avoided.
• The beads are easy to handle, transport and stored at ambient temperature when required. Beads are stable and do not swell or revert back to gel state in the aqueous medium. Can be used either in batch or in continuous flow water purification systems.

The used beads can be regenerated for 2-3 cycles, passed the TCLP test for safe disposal after use.